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| 我院2008～2010年抗菌药应用与细菌耐药性分析 |
| Analysis of the Utilization of Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance in our Hospital from 2008 to 2010 |
| 投稿时间：2011-08-02 修订日期：2011-09-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 抗菌药 用药频度 细菌耐药 |
| 英文关键词:Antibiotics DDDs Bacterial resistance |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要 目的：了解我院抗菌药的应用情况及细菌分离和耐药的变迁特点。方法：调取我院2008～2010年抗菌药的出库数据，采用限定日剂量法分析抗菌药的应用情况，同时采用API半自动微生物鉴定系统及药敏卡进行病原菌鉴定及药敏试验。结果：喹诺酮类和大环内酯类的用药频度逐年增加，第2、4代头孢菌素的用药频度也呈现逐年增加趋势，广谱青霉素、第1、3代头孢菌素和含β内酰胺酶抑制药复方制剂的用药频度保持平稳。同期分离的细菌中，大肠埃希菌对喹诺酮类的耐药率逐年递增，葡萄球菌对大环内酯类耐药比较严重，需引起重视。结论：我院临床分离的细菌的耐药现象比较严重，应限制广谱抗菌药的应用，以延缓细菌耐药趋势。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective:To investigate the utilization of antibiotics, isolation of bacteria and characteristics of bacterial resistance rate in our hospital from 2008 to 2010. Method:The data about the consumption of antibiotics were collected from pharmacy department, and the utilization of antibiotics was analyzed by using DDD analysis. The API half-automatic microbiological system and Vitek2 GNS seriation cards were used to identify the clinical isolated pathogenic bacteria and conduct drug susceptibility tests.Result:The consumption of macrolides and quinolones obviously increased year by year. The consumption of the second and forth generation of cephalosporins increased year by year, but the utilization ratio of the broad spectrum penicillin, the first, third generation of cephalosporins and other β-lactam antiboitcs were stable. The drug resistance of Escherichia coli against quinolones increased year by year, and the drug resistance of staphylococcus against macrolides was serious. Conclusion:Clinical isolated bacilli showed their severe drug resistance to general antibiotics in our hospital. The utilization of broad spectrum antibiotics should be restricted to decrease the drug resistant. |
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