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| 头孢菌素致过敏性休克459例文献分析 |
| Minhang District Central Hospital，Shanghai 201199, China |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 头孢菌素 过敏性休克 文献综述 皮试 |
| 英文关键词:Cephalosporins Allergic shock Literature analysis Skin test of cephalosporins |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要 目的：了解头孢菌素致过敏性休克的情况，探究其发生规律。方法：检索《万方数据》和《中国知网》中有关头孢菌素引起过敏性休克的文献资料（1998～2011年），筛选收集过敏性休克的病例报告，按患者年龄、性别、给药途经、原患疾病、发生时间、愈后等进行统计分析。结果：检索获得头孢菌素引起过敏性休克的病例共459例，以第三代头孢菌素及其酶抑制药复合制剂为主（62.31%）；居前3位的品种为头孢曲松（20.48%）、头孢噻肟（12.85%）、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦（12.85%）。给药途径以静脉用药为主（85.40%）；多发于用药后10 min内（61.66%）；1 min～24 h内缓解或痊愈（87.58%）；有48例（10.46%）死亡。结论：临床应重视头孢菌素引起的过敏性休克，鼓励、推广头孢的皮试工作，以确保用药安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective:To explore the situation and rules of allergic shock induced by cephalosporins．Methods:459 cases of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of allergic shock induced by cephalosporins and reported in WANFANG DATA and CHKD base from 1998 to 2011 were collected and analyzed．Results:The allergic shock induced by the third generation of cephalosporins and compound β-lactamase inhibitors（62.31%） was more than that of the others．The allergic shock induced by ceftriaxone（20.48%）, cefotaxime（12.85%）, cefoperazone∕sulbactam（12.85%）were ranked at the first 3 places of the 26 kinds of cephalosporins．The main administration routes were through intravenous injection（85.40%）．283 cases（61.66%）of the total 459 occurred within 10 minutes after their administration, the 402 cases（87.58%）were recovered within 24 hours after the treatment and the 48 cases（10.46%）were dead．Conclusion:More attention should be paid to the allergic shock induced by cephalosporins．A skin test of cephalosporins was necessary and important． |
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