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| 老年人药品不良反应的监测和预防 |
| Detection and Prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions in Older People |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 老年人 药品不良反应 老年综合评估 |
| 英文关键词:Old people Adverse drug reactions Comprehensive geriatric assessment |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘 要 老年人药品不良反应（adverse drug reactions，ADR）监测及预防是老年医学临床实践的重要内容。由于罹患多种疾病、多重用药以及药动学和药效学的改变等因素的影响，老年人更易发生ADR。老年人ADR表现的不典型性加大了其识别的难度，GerontoNet ADR风险指数是一个用于识别ADR高风险老年患者的一种实用又简便的评估方法，进而加强对ADR高风险老年患者的监护可以减少其ADR的发生。加强老年临床药理学知识的宣教可提高医生和患者对ADR的认知程度，另外，医院可采取多种措施预防ADR的发生。对于病情复杂的老年患者，通过老年综合评估进行个体化评估来简化患者用药和患者用药需求的优先度，促进患者合理用药。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Detection and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in older people remains an important part of good clinical practice. Older adults are susceptible to ADRs because of co morbidity, multiple drug regimens that they are receiving, and changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The presentation of ADRs in older adults is often atypical, which further complicates its recognition. The developed GerontoNet ADR Risk Score is a practical tool for identification of older patients who are at risk of an ADR and who may represent a target for interventions aimed at reducing ADRs. Provision of adequate education about clinical geriatric pharmacology can improve recognition of ADRs. In addition, a number of actions can be taken in hospitals to minimize the occurrence of ADRs. The comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) may be helpful for older adults with complex medical problems to simplify drug prescription and prioritize pharmacological and healthcare needs, resulting in an improvement in rational of drug using. |
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