| ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the general patterns and characteristics of hydroxychloroquine induced ocular toxicity and provide a reference for clinical medication safety. Methods:Literatures of hydroxychloroquine induced ocular toxicity were searched from domestic and foreign literature databases until July 2018. After screening, data of included literature were extracted and analyzed,including patient gender,age,race,primary disease,cumulative dose,dose,time after treatment,type of ocular toxicity,outcome,severity,combined medication and ophthalmic history.Results:A total of 17 literatures were retrieved which included 20 cases. Among them, 19 cases were female and 1was male. Patients under 60 years old accounted for 70%. Caucasian patients were the most. The primary diseases were 10 patients of systemic lupus erythematosus, 5 patients of rheumatoid arthritis and the remaining 5 patients. Ocular toxicity was major with macular degeneration, decreased vision and retinopathy. 12 patients had ADR after 5 years of treatment. Numbers of ocular toxicities in patients with cumulative doses of 1 000g whether less or more were the same. The daily dose of hydroxychloroquine administered over 6.5 mg·kg-1·d-1 increased risk of ocular toxicity. There were 3 patients having unabated symptoms within the total 20 cases. There were 3 patients (15%) had severe ADR, and the remaining were general. Conclusion: Hydroxychloroquine induced ocular toxicity is rare, but may be serious irreversible damage. In clinical practice, for patients with white, female, 60 years of age, suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis, the treatment of more than 5 years, more than 6.5 mg·kg-1·d-1 may be prone to ocular toxicity, we need extra attention. Patients should be regularly examined for ophthalmia before and during hydroxychloroquine use in order to detect ocular toxicity as early as possible. |
